Multiplication facts up to 10: find the missing factor
key notes :
1. Understanding Multiplication:
- Multiplication is repeated addition. For example, 3 × 4 means adding 3, four times: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12.
- A multiplication equation consists of two numbers (factors) and the product (the result).
- Example: In 3 × 4 = 12, 3 and 4 are the factors, and 12 is the product.
2. Missing Factor Concept:
- In some problems, one of the factors may be missing, and you need to find it.
- For example: If 6 × ? = 24, the question asks for the missing factor that, when multiplied by 6, equals 24.
3. How to Find the Missing Factor:
- Division Method: To find the missing factor, divide the product by the known factor.
- Example: If 6 × ? = 24, divide 24 by 6 to find the missing factor: 24 ÷ 6 = 4.
- Using Multiplication Facts: Knowing multiplication facts up to 10 helps quickly identify the missing factor.
- Example: 7 × ? = 56, by recalling multiplication facts, we know 7 × 8 = 56, so the missing factor is 8.
4. Examples:
- 5 × ? = 30 → Divide 30 by 5 → 30 ÷ 5 = 6 (The missing factor is 6).
- ? × 9 = 63 → Divide 63 by 9 → 63 ÷ 9 = 7 (The missing factor is 7).
- 8 × ? = 48 → Divide 48 by 8 → 48 ÷ 8 = 6 (The missing factor is 6).
Learn with an example
Fill in the missing number.
2 groups of___ equal 8.
You can use multiplication to find the missing number. This multiplication number sentence describes the problem:
| 2 | × | ? | = | 8 |
| Number of groups | Number in each group | Total |
To find the number in each group, use a multiplication fact you know. Or, you can list facts for multiplying by 2 until you reach 8.
- 2 × 1 = 2
- 2 × 2 = 4
- 2 × 3 = 6
- 2 × 4 = 8
2 groups of 4 equal 8.
Fill in the missing number.
5 groups of ___ equal 25.
You can use multiplication to find the missing number. This multiplication number sentence describes the problem:
| 5 | × | ? | = | 25 |
| Number of groups | Number in each group | Total |
To find the number in each group, use a multiplication fact you know. Or, you can list facts for multiplying by 5 until you reach 25.
- 5 × 1 = 5
- 5 × 2 = 10
- 5 × 3 = 15
- 5 × 4 = 20
- 5 × 5 = 25
5 groups of 5 equal 25.
Fill in the missing number.
3 groups of __ equal 15.
You can use multiplication to find the missing number. This multiplication number sentence describes the problem:
| 3 | × | ? | = | 15 |
| Number of groups | Number in each group | Total |
To find the number in each group, use a multiplication fact you know. Or, you can list facts for multiplying by 3 until you reach 15.
- 3 × 1 = 3
- 3 × 2 = 6
- 3 × 3 = 9
- 3 × 4 = 12
- 3 × 5 = 15
3 groups of 5 equal 15.
Fill in the missing number.
4 groups of ___ equal 40.
You can use multiplication to find the missing number. This multiplication number sentence describes the problem:
| 4 | × | ? | = | 40 |
| Number of groups | Number in each group | Total |
To find the number in each group, use a multiplication fact you know. Or, you can list facts for multiplying by 4 until you reach 40.
- 4 × 1 = 4
- 4 × 2 = 8
- 4 × 3 = 12
- 4 × 4 =16
- 4 × 5 = 20
- 4 × 6 = 24
- 4 × 7 = 28
- 4 × 8 = 32
- 4 × 9 = 36
- 4 × 10 = 40
4 groups of 10 equal 40.
Let’s practice:✍️
