Multiplication facts up to 10: find the missing factor

key notes :

1️⃣ What is a missing factor?

  • A factor is a number we multiply.
  • Sometimes, one factor is missing in a multiplication.
  • We find the missing factor by dividing the product by the known factor.
    💡 Example:

5 × ? = 20

? = 20 ÷ 5 → ? = 4 ✅

2️⃣ How to find the missing factor:

  1. Look at the multiplication sentence
    Example: ? × 6 = 36
  2. Divide the product by the known factor
    Calculation: 36 ÷ 6 = 6
  3. Write the missing factor
    Answer: 6 × 6 = 36

3️⃣ Tips to remember:

  • Use multiplication tables up to 10. 📚
  • If you know 3 × 4 = 12, you also know 12 ÷ 3 = 4 and 12 ÷ 4 = 3. 🔄
  • Check your answer by multiplying the factors to see if you get the product. ✅

4️⃣ Quick Tricks:

  • Doubles are easy: 2 × ? = 8 → ? = 4 🟢
  • Zero trick: Anything × 0 = 0 ✖️
  • One trick: Anything × 1 = itself 1️⃣

5️⃣ Practice Examples:

  1. 7 × ? = 42 → ? = 42 ÷ 7 = 6
  2. ? × 9 = 27 → ? = 27 ÷ 9 = 3
  3. 8 × ? = 64 → ? = 64 ÷ 8 = 8
  4. ? × 5 = 35 → ? = 35 ÷ 5 = 7

6️⃣ Emoji Fun Reminder:

  • Multiply ➡️ ×
  • Divide ➡️ ÷
  • Check answer ➡️ ✅
  • Think smart ➡️ 🧠

Learn with an example

Fill in the missing number.

2 groups of___ equal 8.

You can use multiplication to find the missing number. This multiplication number sentence describes the problem:

2×?=8
Number of groupsNumber in each groupTotal

To find the number in each group, use a multiplication fact you know. Or, you can list facts for multiplying by 2 until you reach 8.

  • 2 × 1 = 2
  • 2 × 2 = 4
  • 2 × 3 = 6
  • 2 × 4 = 8

2 groups of 4 equal 8.

Fill in the missing number.

5 groups of ___ equal 25.

You can use multiplication to find the missing number. This multiplication number sentence describes the problem:

5×?=25
Number of groupsNumber in each groupTotal

To find the number in each group, use a multiplication fact you know. Or, you can list facts for multiplying by 5 until you reach 25.

  • 5 × 1 = 5
  • 5 × 2 = 10
  • 5 × 3 = 15
  • 5 × 4 = 20
  • 5 × 5 = 25

5 groups of 5 equal 25.

Fill in the missing number.

3 groups of __ equal 15.

You can use multiplication to find the missing number. This multiplication number sentence describes the problem:

3×?=15
Number of groupsNumber in each groupTotal

To find the number in each group, use a multiplication fact you know. Or, you can list facts for multiplying by 3 until you reach 15.

  • 3 × 1 = 3
  • 3 × 2 = 6
  • 3 × 3 = 9
  • 3 × 4 = 12
  • 3 × 5 = 15

3 groups of 5 equal 15.

Fill in the missing number.

4 groups of ___ equal 40.

You can use multiplication to find the missing number. This multiplication number sentence describes the problem:

4×?=40
Number of groupsNumber in each groupTotal

To find the number in each group, use a multiplication fact you know. Or, you can list facts for multiplying by 4 until you reach 40.

  • 4 × 1 = 4
  • 4 × 2 = 8
  • 4 × 3 = 12
  • 4 × 4 =16
  • 4 × 5 = 20
  • 4 × 6 = 24
  • 4 × 7 = 28
  • 4 × 8 = 32
  • 4 × 9 = 36
  • 4 × 10 = 40

4 groups of 10 equal 40.

Let’s practice:✍️